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怎么在AspNetCore中實現(xiàn)一個web定時任務(wù)-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
這篇文章將為大家詳細講解有關(guān)怎么在AspNet Core中實現(xiàn)一個web定時任務(wù)，文章內(nèi)容質(zhì)量較高，因此小編分享給大家做個參考，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后對相關(guān)知識有一定的了解。
項目背景
采用redis計數(shù)，設(shè)定每小時將當日累積數(shù)據(jù)持久化到關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫sqlite。
添加Quartz.Net Nuget 依賴包：
①.定義定時任務(wù)內(nèi)容： Job
②.設(shè)置觸發(fā)條件： Trigger
③.將Quartz.Net集成進AspNet Core
頭腦風暴
IScheduler類包裝了上述背景需要完成的第①②點工作 ，SimpleJobFactory定義了生成指定的Job任務(wù)的過程，這個行為是利用反射機制調(diào)用無參構(gòu)造函數(shù)構(gòu)造出的Job實例。下面是源碼：
//----------------選自Quartz.Simpl.SimpleJobFactory類-------------
using System;
using Quartz.Logging;
using Quartz.Spi;
using Quartz.Util;
namespace Quartz.Simpl
{
///
/// The default JobFactory used by Quartz - simply calls
///
/// James House
/// Marko Lahma (.NET)
public class SimpleJobFactory : IJobFactory
{
private static readonly ILog log = LogProvider.GetLogger(typeof (SimpleJobFactory));
///
/// Called by the scheduler at the time of the trigger firing, in order to
/// produce a
///
/// It should be extremely rare for this method to throw an exception -
/// basically only the case where there is no way at all to instantiate
/// and prepare the Job for execution. When the exception is thrown, the
/// Scheduler will move all triggers associated with the Job into the
///
/// The TriggerFiredBundle from which the
/// the newly instantiated Job
/// SchedulerException if there is a problem instantiating the Job.
public virtual IJob NewJob(TriggerFiredBundle bundle, IScheduler scheduler)
{
IJobDetail jobDetail = bundle.JobDetail;
Type jobType = jobDetail.JobType;
try
{
if (log.IsDebugEnabled())
{
log.Debug($"Producing instance of Job '{jobDetail.Key}', class={jobType.FullName}");
}
return ObjectUtils.InstantiateType(jobType);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
SchedulerException se = new SchedulerException($"Problem instantiating class '{jobDetail.JobType.FullName}'", e);
throw se;
}
}
///
/// Allows the job factory to destroy/cleanup the job if needed.
/// No-op when using SimpleJobFactory.
///
public virtual void ReturnJob(IJob job)
{
var disposable = job as IDisposable;
disposable?.Dispose();
}
}
}
//------------------節(jié)選自Quartz.Util.ObjectUtils類-------------------------
public static T InstantiateType(Type type)
{
if (type == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(type), "Cannot instantiate null");
}
ConstructorInfo ci = type.GetConstructor(Type.EmptyTypes);
if (ci == null)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Cannot instantiate type which has no empty constructor", type.Name);
}
return (T) ci.Invoke(new object[0]);
} 很多時候，定義的Job任務(wù)依賴了其他組件，這時默認的SimpleJobFactory不可用， 需要考慮將Job任務(wù)作為依賴注入組件，加入依賴注入容器。
關(guān)鍵思路：
①. IScheduler 開放了JobFactory 屬性，便于你控制Job任務(wù)的實例化方式；
JobFactories may be of use to those wishing to have their application produce IJob instances via some special mechanism, such as to give the opportunity for dependency injection
②. AspNet Core的服務(wù)架構(gòu)是以依賴注入為基礎(chǔ)的，利用AspNet Core已有的依賴注入容器IServiceProvider管理Job 服務(wù)的創(chuàng)建過程。
編碼實踐
① 定義Job內(nèi)容：
// -------每小時將redis數(shù)據(jù)持久化到sqlite， 每日凌晨跳針，持久化昨天全天數(shù)據(jù)---------------------
public class UsageCounterSyncJob : IJob
{
private readonly EqidDbContext _context;
private readonly IDatabase _redisDB1;
private readonly ILogger _logger;
public UsageCounterSyncJob(EqidDbContext context, RedisDatabase redisCache, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
_context = context;
_redisDB1 = redisCache[1];
_logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger();
}
public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context)
{
// 觸發(fā)時間在凌晨，則同步昨天的計數(shù)
var _day = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd");
if (context.FireTimeUtc.LocalDateTime.Hour == 0)
_day = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1).ToString("yyyyMMdd");
await SyncRedisCounter(_day);
_logger.LogInformation("[UsageCounterSyncJob] Schedule job executed.");
}
......
} ②注冊Job和Trigger：
namespace EqidManager
{
using IOCContainer = IServiceProvider;
// Quartz.Net啟動后注冊job和trigger
public class QuartzStartup
{
public IScheduler _scheduler { get; set; }
private readonly ILogger _logger;
private readonly IJobFactory iocJobfactory;
public QuartzStartup(IOCContainer IocContainer, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
_logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger();
iocJobfactory = new IOCJobFactory(IocContainer);
var schedulerFactory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
_scheduler = schedulerFactory.GetScheduler().Result;
_scheduler.JobFactory = iocJobfactory;
}
public void Start()
{
_logger.LogInformation("Schedule job load as application start.");
_scheduler.Start().Wait();
var UsageCounterSyncJob = JobBuilder.Create()
.WithIdentity("UsageCounterSyncJob")
.Build();
var UsageCounterSyncJobTrigger = TriggerBuilder.Create()
.WithIdentity("UsageCounterSyncCron")
.StartNow()
// 每隔一小時同步一次
.WithCronSchedule("0 0 * * * ?") // Seconds,Minutes,Hours，Day-of-Month，Month，Day-of-Week，Year（optional field）
.Build();
_scheduler.ScheduleJob(UsageCounterSyncJob, UsageCounterSyncJobTrigger).Wait();
_scheduler.TriggerJob(new JobKey("UsageCounterSyncJob"));
}
public void Stop()
{
if (_scheduler == null)
{
return;
}
if (_scheduler.Shutdown(waitForJobsToComplete: true).Wait(30000))
_scheduler = null;
else
{
}
_logger.LogCritical("Schedule job upload as application stopped");
}
}
///
/// IOCJobFactory ：實現(xiàn)在Timer觸發(fā)的時候注入生成對應(yīng)的Job組件
///
public class IOCJobFactory : IJobFactory
{
protected readonly IOCContainer Container;
public IOCJobFactory(IOCContainer container)
{
Container = container;
}
//Called by the scheduler at the time of the trigger firing, in order to produce
// a Quartz.IJob instance on which to call Execute.
public IJob NewJob(TriggerFiredBundle bundle, IScheduler scheduler)
{
return Container.GetService(bundle.JobDetail.JobType) as IJob;
}
// Allows the job factory to destroy/cleanup the job if needed.
public void ReturnJob(IJob job)
{
}
}
} ③結(jié)合ASpNet Core 注入組件；綁定Quartz.Net
//-------------------------------截取自Startup文件------------------------ ...... services.AddTransient(); // 這里使用瞬時依賴注入 services.AddSingleton (); ...... // 綁定Quartz.Net public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.IApplicationLifetime lifetime, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { var quartz = app.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService (); lifetime.ApplicationStarted.Register(quartz.Start); lifetime.ApplicationStopped.Register(quartz.Stop); }
附：IIS 網(wǎng)站低頻訪問導(dǎo)致工作進程進入閑置狀態(tài)的 解決辦法
IIS為網(wǎng)站默認設(shè)定了20min閑置超時時間：20分鐘內(nèi)沒有處理請求、也沒有收到新的請求，工作進程就進入閑置狀態(tài)。
IIS上低頻web訪問會造成工作進程關(guān)閉，此時應(yīng)用程序池回收，Timer等線程資源會被銷毀；當工作進程重新運作，Timer可能會重新生成起效， 但我們的設(shè)定的定時Job可能沒有按需正確執(zhí)行。
故為在IIS網(wǎng)站實現(xiàn)低頻web訪問下的定時任務(wù)：
設(shè)置了Idle TimeOut =0；同時將【應(yīng)用程序池】->【正在回收】->不勾選【回收條件】
關(guān)于怎么在AspNet Core中實現(xiàn)一個web定時任務(wù)就分享到這里了，希望以上內(nèi)容可以對大家有一定的幫助，可以學到更多知識。如果覺得文章不錯，可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到。
本文名稱：怎么在AspNetCore中實現(xiàn)一個web定時任務(wù)-創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)
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